See lede in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"tags": [
"obsolete"
],
"word": "lede"
},
{
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"word": "leed"
},
{
"lang": "Scots",
"lang_code": "sco",
"word": "leid"
}
],
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*h₁lewdʰ-"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "root"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "people"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "etymid"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "ang",
"3": "lēode",
"4": "",
"5": "people, men"
},
"expansion": "Old English lēode (“people, men”)",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "gmw-pro",
"3": "*liudī"
},
"expansion": "Proto-West Germanic *liudī",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*liudīz"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *liudīz",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*h₁léwdʰeyes"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *h₁léwdʰeyes",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ofs",
"2": "liod"
},
"expansion": "Old Frisian liod",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "osx",
"2": "liud"
},
"expansion": "Old Saxon liud",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "non",
"2": "ljóðr"
},
"expansion": "Old Norse ljóðr",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "goh",
"2": "liut"
},
"expansion": "Old High German liut",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": "lieden"
},
"expansion": "Dutch lieden",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Old English lēode (“people, men”), plural of lēod, from Proto-West Germanic *liudī, plural of *liud(i), from Proto-Germanic *liudīz, plural of *liudiz, from Proto-Indo-European *h₁léwdʰeyes, plural of *h₁léwdʰis.\nAkin to Old Frisian liod, Old Saxon liud, Old Norse ljóðr, lýðr, Old High German liut, Dutch lieden.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "ledes",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "lede",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "leden",
"tags": [
"error-unknown-tag",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "led",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "leed",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "leede",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "leyde",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "leod",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "leode",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "leude",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "lud",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "lude",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "lued",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "lyde",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "leoda",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "leodæ",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "noun",
"g": "",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"head": "",
"sort": ""
},
"expansion": "lede",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {
"pl2": "lede",
"pl3": "leden",
"pl3_qual": "early"
},
"expansion": "lede (plural ledes or lede or (early) leden)",
"name": "enm-noun"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "poetic"
},
"expansion": "(poetic)",
"name": "tlb"
}
],
"lang": "Middle English",
"lang_code": "enm",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "23 23 27 9 10 0 3 0 3 0 0",
"kind": "other",
"langcode": "enm",
"name": "Male people",
"orig": "enm:Male people",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A (male) human; a man:",
"A vassal or subject."
],
"id": "en-lede-enm-noun-8AI1YI3C",
"links": [
[
"male",
"male"
],
[
"human",
"human"
],
[
"man",
"man"
],
[
"vassal",
"vassal"
],
[
"subject",
"subject"
]
],
"tags": [
"poetic"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "23 23 27 9 10 0 3 0 3 0 0",
"kind": "other",
"langcode": "enm",
"name": "Male people",
"orig": "enm:Male people",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A (male) human; a man:",
"A servant or retainer."
],
"id": "en-lede-enm-noun-DxzJrbmc",
"links": [
[
"male",
"male"
],
[
"human",
"human"
],
[
"man",
"man"
],
[
"servant",
"servant"
],
[
"retainer",
"retainer"
]
],
"tags": [
"poetic"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "3 4 10 22 20 3 14 9 13 2 2",
"kind": "other",
"langcode": "enm",
"name": "Collectives",
"orig": "enm:Collectives",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "0 0 100 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"kind": "other",
"langcode": "enm",
"name": "Government",
"orig": "enm:Government",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "23 23 27 9 10 0 3 0 3 0 0",
"kind": "other",
"langcode": "enm",
"name": "Male people",
"orig": "enm:Male people",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A (male) human; a man:",
"A ruler; one with governing authority."
],
"id": "en-lede-enm-noun-UaNPOfj4",
"links": [
[
"male",
"male"
],
[
"human",
"human"
],
[
"man",
"man"
],
[
"ruler",
"ruler"
],
[
"authority",
"authority"
]
],
"tags": [
"poetic"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "3 4 10 22 20 3 14 9 13 2 2",
"kind": "other",
"langcode": "enm",
"name": "Collectives",
"orig": "enm:Collectives",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"People, folk."
],
"id": "en-lede-enm-noun-UsYj9dKM",
"links": [
[
"People",
"people"
],
[
"folk",
"folk"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(collectively) People, folk."
],
"tags": [
"collective",
"poetic"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "3 4 10 22 20 3 14 9 13 2 2",
"kind": "other",
"langcode": "enm",
"name": "Collectives",
"orig": "enm:Collectives",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "5 5 6 6 28 22 11 5 6 3 3",
"kind": "other",
"langcode": "enm",
"name": "Ethnicity",
"orig": "enm:Ethnicity",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "23 23 27 9 10 0 3 0 3 0 0",
"kind": "other",
"langcode": "enm",
"name": "Male people",
"orig": "enm:Male people",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A nation; a people."
],
"id": "en-lede-enm-noun-lm9816FF",
"links": [
[
"nation",
"nation"
],
[
"people",
"people"
]
],
"tags": [
"poetic"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"A race or stock; one's kindred."
],
"id": "en-lede-enm-noun-W8SGGQXs",
"links": [
[
"race",
"race"
],
[
"stock",
"stock"
],
[
"kindred",
"kindred"
]
],
"tags": [
"poetic"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "3 4 10 22 20 3 14 9 13 2 2",
"kind": "other",
"langcode": "enm",
"name": "Collectives",
"orig": "enm:Collectives",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Real estate; owned land."
],
"id": "en-lede-enm-noun-HvIoCaWh",
"links": [
[
"Real estate",
"real estate"
],
[
"land",
"land"
]
],
"tags": [
"poetic"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈleːd(ə)/"
}
],
"word": "lede"
}
{
"etymology_number": 2,
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "noun",
"altform": "1"
},
"expansion": "lede",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Middle English",
"lang_code": "enm",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"alt_of": [
{
"extra": "lead",
"word": "led"
}
],
"glosses": [
"alternative form of led (“lead”)"
],
"id": "en-lede-enm-noun-dMMPOC-b",
"links": [
[
"led",
"led#Middle_English"
]
],
"tags": [
"alt-of",
"alternative",
"poetic"
]
}
],
"word": "lede"
}
{
"etymology_number": 3,
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "noun",
"altform": "1"
},
"expansion": "lede",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Middle English",
"lang_code": "enm",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"alt_of": [
{
"extra": "language",
"word": "leden"
}
],
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "8 7 10 1 1 3 17 12 27 6 6",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Middle English entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "3 4 10 22 20 3 14 9 13 2 2",
"kind": "other",
"langcode": "enm",
"name": "Collectives",
"orig": "enm:Collectives",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"alternative form of leden (“language”)"
],
"id": "en-lede-enm-noun-vV9-drre",
"links": [
[
"leden",
"leden#Middle_English:_language"
]
],
"tags": [
"alt-of",
"alternative",
"poetic"
]
}
],
"word": "lede"
}
{
"etymology_number": 4,
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "verb",
"altform": "1"
},
"expansion": "lede",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Middle English",
"lang_code": "enm",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"alt_of": [
{
"extra": "to lead",
"word": "leden"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "Perle Section 15. Anonymous 15th century.",
"text": "A blysful lyf þou says I lede;",
"translation": "Perle Section 15. Anonymous 15th century."
}
],
"glosses": [
"alternative form of leden (“to lead”)"
],
"id": "en-lede-enm-verb-h5CfaDxr",
"links": [
[
"leden",
"leden#Middle_English:_to_lead"
]
],
"tags": [
"alt-of",
"alternative",
"poetic"
]
}
],
"word": "lede"
}
{
"etymology_number": 5,
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "verb",
"altform": "1"
},
"expansion": "lede",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Middle English",
"lang_code": "enm",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"alt_of": [
{
"extra": "to cover in lead",
"word": "leden"
}
],
"glosses": [
"alternative form of leden (“to cover in lead”)"
],
"id": "en-lede-enm-verb--yMEmPO-",
"links": [
[
"leden",
"leden#Middle_English:_to_cover_in_lead"
]
],
"tags": [
"alt-of",
"alternative",
"poetic"
]
}
],
"word": "lede"
}
{
"categories": [
"Middle English alternative forms",
"Middle English entries with incorrect language header",
"Middle English lemmas",
"Middle English nouns",
"Middle English poetic terms",
"Middle English terms derived from Old English",
"Middle English terms derived from Proto-Germanic",
"Middle English terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"Middle English terms derived from Proto-West Germanic",
"Middle English terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *h₁lewdʰ-",
"Middle English terms inherited from Old English",
"Middle English terms inherited from Proto-Germanic",
"Middle English terms inherited from Proto-Indo-European",
"Middle English terms inherited from Proto-West Germanic",
"Pages with 12 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"enm:Collectives",
"enm:Ethnicity",
"enm:Government",
"enm:Male people"
],
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"tags": [
"obsolete"
],
"word": "lede"
},
{
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"word": "leed"
},
{
"lang": "Scots",
"lang_code": "sco",
"word": "leid"
}
],
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*h₁lewdʰ-"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "root"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "people"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "etymid"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "ang",
"3": "lēode",
"4": "",
"5": "people, men"
},
"expansion": "Old English lēode (“people, men”)",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "gmw-pro",
"3": "*liudī"
},
"expansion": "Proto-West Germanic *liudī",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*liudīz"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *liudīz",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*h₁léwdʰeyes"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *h₁léwdʰeyes",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ofs",
"2": "liod"
},
"expansion": "Old Frisian liod",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "osx",
"2": "liud"
},
"expansion": "Old Saxon liud",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "non",
"2": "ljóðr"
},
"expansion": "Old Norse ljóðr",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "goh",
"2": "liut"
},
"expansion": "Old High German liut",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": "lieden"
},
"expansion": "Dutch lieden",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Old English lēode (“people, men”), plural of lēod, from Proto-West Germanic *liudī, plural of *liud(i), from Proto-Germanic *liudīz, plural of *liudiz, from Proto-Indo-European *h₁léwdʰeyes, plural of *h₁léwdʰis.\nAkin to Old Frisian liod, Old Saxon liud, Old Norse ljóðr, lýðr, Old High German liut, Dutch lieden.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "ledes",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "lede",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "leden",
"tags": [
"error-unknown-tag",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "led",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "leed",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "leede",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "leyde",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "leod",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "leode",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "leude",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "lud",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "lude",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "lued",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "lyde",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "leoda",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "leodæ",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "noun",
"g": "",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"head": "",
"sort": ""
},
"expansion": "lede",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {
"pl2": "lede",
"pl3": "leden",
"pl3_qual": "early"
},
"expansion": "lede (plural ledes or lede or (early) leden)",
"name": "enm-noun"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "poetic"
},
"expansion": "(poetic)",
"name": "tlb"
}
],
"lang": "Middle English",
"lang_code": "enm",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"A (male) human; a man:",
"A vassal or subject."
],
"links": [
[
"male",
"male"
],
[
"human",
"human"
],
[
"man",
"man"
],
[
"vassal",
"vassal"
],
[
"subject",
"subject"
]
],
"tags": [
"poetic"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"A (male) human; a man:",
"A servant or retainer."
],
"links": [
[
"male",
"male"
],
[
"human",
"human"
],
[
"man",
"man"
],
[
"servant",
"servant"
],
[
"retainer",
"retainer"
]
],
"tags": [
"poetic"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"A (male) human; a man:",
"A ruler; one with governing authority."
],
"links": [
[
"male",
"male"
],
[
"human",
"human"
],
[
"man",
"man"
],
[
"ruler",
"ruler"
],
[
"authority",
"authority"
]
],
"tags": [
"poetic"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"People, folk."
],
"links": [
[
"People",
"people"
],
[
"folk",
"folk"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(collectively) People, folk."
],
"tags": [
"collective",
"poetic"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"A nation; a people."
],
"links": [
[
"nation",
"nation"
],
[
"people",
"people"
]
],
"tags": [
"poetic"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"A race or stock; one's kindred."
],
"links": [
[
"race",
"race"
],
[
"stock",
"stock"
],
[
"kindred",
"kindred"
]
],
"tags": [
"poetic"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"Real estate; owned land."
],
"links": [
[
"Real estate",
"real estate"
],
[
"land",
"land"
]
],
"tags": [
"poetic"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈleːd(ə)/"
}
],
"word": "lede"
}
{
"categories": [
"Middle English alternative forms",
"Middle English entries with incorrect language header",
"Pages with 12 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"enm:Collectives",
"enm:Ethnicity",
"enm:Government",
"enm:Male people"
],
"etymology_number": 2,
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "noun",
"altform": "1"
},
"expansion": "lede",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Middle English",
"lang_code": "enm",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"alt_of": [
{
"extra": "lead",
"word": "led"
}
],
"glosses": [
"alternative form of led (“lead”)"
],
"links": [
[
"led",
"led#Middle_English"
]
],
"tags": [
"alt-of",
"alternative",
"poetic"
]
}
],
"word": "lede"
}
{
"categories": [
"Middle English alternative forms",
"Middle English entries with incorrect language header",
"Pages with 12 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"enm:Collectives",
"enm:Ethnicity",
"enm:Government",
"enm:Male people"
],
"etymology_number": 3,
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "noun",
"altform": "1"
},
"expansion": "lede",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Middle English",
"lang_code": "enm",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"alt_of": [
{
"extra": "language",
"word": "leden"
}
],
"glosses": [
"alternative form of leden (“language”)"
],
"links": [
[
"leden",
"leden#Middle_English:_language"
]
],
"tags": [
"alt-of",
"alternative",
"poetic"
]
}
],
"word": "lede"
}
{
"categories": [
"Middle English alternative forms",
"Middle English entries with incorrect language header",
"Pages with 12 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"enm:Collectives",
"enm:Ethnicity",
"enm:Government",
"enm:Male people"
],
"etymology_number": 4,
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "verb",
"altform": "1"
},
"expansion": "lede",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Middle English",
"lang_code": "enm",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"alt_of": [
{
"extra": "to lead",
"word": "leden"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "Perle Section 15. Anonymous 15th century.",
"text": "A blysful lyf þou says I lede;",
"translation": "Perle Section 15. Anonymous 15th century."
}
],
"glosses": [
"alternative form of leden (“to lead”)"
],
"links": [
[
"leden",
"leden#Middle_English:_to_lead"
]
],
"tags": [
"alt-of",
"alternative",
"poetic"
]
}
],
"word": "lede"
}
{
"categories": [
"Middle English alternative forms",
"Middle English entries with incorrect language header",
"Pages with 12 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"enm:Collectives",
"enm:Ethnicity",
"enm:Government",
"enm:Male people"
],
"etymology_number": 5,
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "verb",
"altform": "1"
},
"expansion": "lede",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Middle English",
"lang_code": "enm",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"alt_of": [
{
"extra": "to cover in lead",
"word": "leden"
}
],
"glosses": [
"alternative form of leden (“to cover in lead”)"
],
"links": [
[
"leden",
"leden#Middle_English:_to_cover_in_lead"
]
],
"tags": [
"alt-of",
"alternative",
"poetic"
]
}
],
"word": "lede"
}
Download raw JSONL data for lede meaning in Middle English (7.6kB)
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Middle English dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2025-12-29 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2025-12-20 using wiktextract (cdfa371 and 9905b1f). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.